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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<main>
<div data-extension="core" data-hotdoc-in-toplevel="True" data-hotdoc-project="Meson-documentation" data-hotdoc-ref="D.html" class="page_container" id="page-wrapper">
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<h1 id="compiling-d-applications">Compiling D applications</h1>
<p>Meson has support for compiling D programs. A minimal <code>meson.build</code>
file for D looks like this:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('myapp', 'd')
executable('myapp', 'app.d')
</code></pre>
<h2 id="conditional-compilation"><a href="https://dlang.org/spec/version.html">Conditional compilation</a></h2>
<p>If you are using the
<a href="https://dlang.org/spec/version.html#version-specification">version()</a>
feature for conditional compilation, you can use it using the
<code>d_module_versions</code> target property:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('myapp', 'd')
executable('myapp', 'app.d', d_module_versions: ['Demo', 'FeatureA'])
</code></pre>
<p>For debugging, <a href="https://dlang.org/spec/version.html#debug">debug()</a>
conditions are compiled automatically in debug builds, and extra
identifiers can be added with the <code>d_debug</code> argument:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('myapp', 'd')
executable('myapp', 'app.d', d_debug: [3, 'DebugFeatureA'])
</code></pre>
<h2 id="in-declare_dependency">In <code>declare_dependency</code>
</h2>
<p><em>Since 0.62.0</em>, when declaring your own dependency using <code>declare_dependency</code>,
it is possible to add parameters for D specific features, e.g. to propagate
conditional compilation versions:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">my_dep = declare_dependency(
# ...
d_module_versions: ['LUA_53'],
d_import_dirs: include_directories('my_lua_folder'),
)
</code></pre>
<p>Accepted D specific parameters are <code>d_module_versions</code> and <code>d_import_dirs</code>
(DMD <code>-J</code> switch).</p>
<h2 id="using-embedded-unittests">Using embedded unittests</h2>
<p>If you are using embedded <a href="https://dlang.org/spec/unittest.html">unittest
functions</a>, your source code
needs to be compiled twice, once in regular mode, and once with
unittests active. This is done by setting the <code>d_unittest</code> target
property to <code>true</code>. Meson will only ever pass the respective
compiler's <code>-unittest</code> flag, and never have the compiler generate an
empty main function. If you need that feature in a portable way,
create an empty <code>main()</code> function for unittests yourself, since the
GNU D compiler does not have this feature.</p>
<p>This is an example for using D unittests with Meson:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('myapp_tested', 'd')
myapp_src = ['app.d', 'alpha.d', 'beta.d']
executable('myapp', myapp_src)
test_exe = executable('myapp_test', myapp_src, d_unittest: true)
test('myapptest', test_exe)
</code></pre>
<h1 id="compiling-d-libraries-and-installing-them">Compiling D libraries and installing them</h1>
<p>Building D libraries is a straightforward process, not different from
how C libraries are built in Meson. You should generate a pkg-config
file and install it, in order to make other software on the system
find the dependency once it is installed.</p>
<p>This is an example on how to build a D shared library:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('mylib', 'd', version: '1.2.0')
project_soversion = 0
glib_dep = dependency('glib-2.0')
my_lib = library('mylib',
['src/mylib/libfunctions.d'],
dependencies: [glib_dep],
install: true,
version: meson.project_version(),
soversion: project_soversion,
d_module_versions: ['FeatureA', 'featureB', 1]
)
pkgc = import('pkgconfig')
pkgc.generate(name: 'mylib',
libraries: my_lib,
subdirs: 'd/mylib',
version: meson.project_version(),
description: 'A simple example D library.',
d_module_versions: ['FeatureA', 1]
)
install_subdir('src/mylib/', install_dir: 'include/d/mylib/')
</code></pre>
<p>It is important to make the D sources install in a subdirectory in the
include path, in this case <code>/usr/include/d/mylib/mylib</code>. All D
compilers include the <code>/usr/include/d</code> directory by default, and if
your library would be installed into <code>/usr/include/d/mylib</code>, there is
a high chance that, when you compile your project again on a machine
where you installed it, the compiler will prefer the old installed
include over the new version in the source tree, leading to very
confusing errors.</p>
<p>This is an example of how to use the D library we just built and
installed in an application:</p>
<pre><code class="language-meson">project('myapp', 'd')
mylib_dep = dependency('mylib', version: '>= 1.2.0')
myapp_src = ['app.d', 'alpha.d', 'beta.d']
executable('myapp', myapp_src, dependencies: [mylib_dep])
</code></pre>
<p>Please keep in mind that the library and executable would both need to
be built with the exact same D compiler and D compiler version. The D
ABI is not stable across compilers and their versions, and mixing
compilers will lead to problems.</p>
<h1 id="integrating-with-dub">Integrating with DUB</h1>
<p>DUB is a fully integrated build system for D, but it is also a way to
provide dependencies. Adding dependencies from the <a href="https://code.dlang.org/">D package
registry</a> is pretty straight forward. You can
find how to do this in
<a href="Dependencies.html#dub">Dependencies</a>. You can also
automatically generate a <code>dub.json</code> file as explained in
<a href="Dlang-module.html#generate_dub_file">Dlang</a>.</p>
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