Implement Datetime date entity

[RFDarter]

Implements the Datetime component from this PR

Related PRs:

• Add datetime date entities esphome#6191
• ESPHome: Add Date Entity support home-assistant/core#112475

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (cfab790) to head (9d217dd).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main      #824   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           17        17           
  Lines         2438      2449   +11     
=========================================
+ Hits          2438      2449   +11     

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[bdraco]

Please generate the protobuf files with

          docker run \
            -v "$PWD":/aioesphomeapi \
            ghcr.io/esphome/aioesphomeapi-proto-builder:latest

[RFDarter]

ghcr.io/esphome/aioesphomeapi-proto-builder

running
docker run -v "$PWD":/aioesphome ghcr.io/esphome/aioesphomeapi-proto-builder:latest
results in
docker: invalid reference format.

running
docker run -v C:\Users\rfdarter\Documents\Git\aioesphomeapi:/aioesphome ghcr.io/esphome/aioesphomeapi-proto-builder:latest
instead runs the docker but results in this error
docker: Error response from daemon: failed to create task for container: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: exec: "script/gen-protoc": stat script/gen-protoc: no such file or directory: unknown.

I installed protoc and ran
py script\gen-protoc
is that fine too? Should i commit the generated C files?

[bdraco]

Here is what I get

bdraco@MacBook-Pro aioesphomeapi % docker run -v "$PWD":/aioesphomeapi ghcr.io/esphome/aioesphomeapi-proto-builder:latest
bdraco@MacBook-Pro aioesphomeapi % 

[bdraco]

We need to use the version in the docker container so we don't introduce a generated protobuf code version change as well. I went ahead and ran it locally and fixed the lint issues

[bdraco]

I made some breaking changes in api v22 so I adjusted your PR for them